{"id":3212,"date":"2016-10-12T05:52:03","date_gmt":"2016-10-12T05:52:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/?p=3212"},"modified":"2016-10-12T05:52:03","modified_gmt":"2016-10-12T05:52:03","slug":"atmospheric-effects-chemical-rocket-propulsion-october-1991","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/atmospheric-effects-chemical-rocket-propulsion-october-1991\/","title":{"rendered":"Atmospheric Effects of Chemical Rocket Propulsion, October 1991"},"content":{"rendered":"

Background<\/h3>\n

The AIAA convened a workshop to identify and quantify the\u00a0key environmental issues that relate to the effects on the\u00a0atmosphere of rocket testing and use, and to recommend actions to\u00a0resolve the issues. Communities represented at the workshop\u00a0included rocket propulsion engineers, environmental scientists,\u00a0environmental regulatory agencies, and environmental action\u00a0groups.<\/p>\n

Based on careful evaluation of scientific studies performed\u00a0in the U.S., Europe, and the Soviet Union, the workshop concluded\u00a0that the effects of rocket propulsion on stratospheric ozone\u00a0depletion, acid rain, toxicity, air quality, and global\u00a0warming were minuscule compared to other anthropogenic impacts.
\nNevertheless it was agreed that environmental concerns should\u00a0become a major consideration in the design, development, and use\u00a0of future rocket propulsion systems, and that every reasonable\u00a0effort should be made to reduce undesirable environmental\u00a0effects.<\/p>\n

Also, both the data and the analytical models used to\u00a0reach conclusions on the effects of rocket propulsion on the\u00a0atmosphere need substantial improvement to attain satisfactory\u00a0confidence levels. Further, it was agreed that due to the global\u00a0nature of the issues the necessary research, formulation of\u00a0standards and regulations, and efforts to reduce environmental\u00a0effects be conducted on an international basis.<\/p>\n

Specific research areas detailed by the workshop include\u00a0improving atmospheric modeling, data gathering, and methods for\u00a0monitoring environmental changes. These improvements should focus\u00a0on heterogeneous and non-equilibrium chemistry, three-dimensional * I modeling, and full characterization of rocket exhaust plumes and \u00a0afterburning.<\/p>\n

In addition to incorporating environmental considerations on\u00a0an equal level with performance, cost, and reliability criteria\u00a0from system conception to operation, potential avenues for\u00a0consideration in future propulsion systems include formulation,\u00a0testing, and demonstration of new and modified propellants,\u00a0changing system operating parameters, modifying test facilities\u00a0and protocols, and relocating test and launch facilities.<\/p>\n

However, it is essential to conduct detailed analyses of the\u00a0costs, the benefits, and the risks of implementing such actions\u00a0to ensure that safety and reliability are not compromised, that\u00a0economics receive proper consideration, and that the actions\u00a04 taken do indeed reduce undesirable effects on the environment.<\/p>\n

Declassified Document<\/h3>\n

\u00a0Atmospheric Effects of Chemical Rocket Propulsion, October 1991<\/a> [89 Pages, 5.5MB]<\/p>\n

https:\/\/documents.theblackvault.com\/documents\/dtic\/ADB191722.pdf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Background The AIAA convened a workshop to identify and quantify the\u00a0key environmental issues that relate to the effects on the\u00a0atmosphere of rocket testing and use, and to recommend actions to\u00a0resolve the issues. Communities represented at the workshop\u00a0included rocket propulsion engineers, environmental scientists,\u00a0environmental regulatory agencies, and environmental action\u00a0groups. Based on careful evaluation of scientific studies performed\u00a0in<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3213,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","transcript_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,6],"tags":[123,282,655],"class_list":{"0":"post-3212","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-environmental-issues","8":"category-science","9":"tag-chemical","10":"tag-environment","11":"tag-rocket"},"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2016-10-11_22-50-28.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3212"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3212\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theblackvault.com\/documentarchive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}