Would be really interesting if someone found the hypothetical documents about the hypothetical incident I hypothetically experienced. Unfortunately I doubt that will ever happen. The only thing I could advise would be to look for the communication from the hypothetical submarine to the hypothetical command (Submarine Group 5, San Diego). Eh, you'll never find that, not even John's FOIA requests can touch that, since it would likely still be above top secret, hypothetically speaking.
Just one bit of general comment, submarines never surface out at sea. Their job is to be invisible. There is a very small number of things that would cause a sub to surface at sea, in the middle of the Pacific, 1,000 miles from anything, and not part of any exercise.
1. Running into something.
2. Friendly craft in need of immediate assistance.
3. Some serious damage to the sub which required surfacing.
4. A Flying Dutchman
5. Phenomena requiring direct investigation.
And in the hypothetical incident mentioned:
1. There was no collision.
2. Subs are not in a position to render much assistance. They cannot pick up survivors. Many of the crew would know about this and it would not likely be classified.
3. There was no damage. Again, the crew would know and would not likely be classified.
4. There is no such thing as far as I know.
That just leaves number 5. And in the hypothetical incident those crew members who were allowed to see the phenomena were told never to speak of it and that it was classified above top secret, hypothetically speaking of course. And not being a direct witness to the hypothetical phenomena I don't know what the heck it was. Weird is what I would call it.
And btw, West Coast boats don't report to Norfolk. They report to Submarine Group 5, which is in San Diego. That doesn't mean that someone in Norfolk might not eventually be informed. And Catalina is a hot spot for submarines.

Investigating USOs would be a real challenge. It would take a lot of money; an ocean is a big place. Not to mention that you would be running into people who are not used to investigators in their playground. Just something to keep in mind.